Chapter 25 Summaries of the Articles

Dorfman
In If Only We All Spoke Two Languages, Dorfman claims he came from Argentina and realized that the American culture didn't believe in bilingual education. Dorfman grew up becoming monoligual by speaking English, but moving to Chile recharged his spanish speaking abilities. He realized that the world could become multilingual, but the stubborness of American society will keep America monolingual making other cultures learn english so that America doesnt have to make many mistakes. Dorfman states that knowing more than one language will not restrict children but help them gain more.

Tan
In Mother Tongue by Amy Tan, she finds herself speaking differently at a speech compared to the "broken" english she spoke and learned from her mother. Because of her mother's poor english, Tan had to speak for her to stockbrockers, doctors, and others who had a hard time understanding the older Mrs. Tan. Tan noticed that alot of Asian Americans couldn't speak english properly which effected their english achievement test scores. Tan managed to overcome this barrier and decided to major in English rahter than math or science. She wrote a book that had proper english but as her mother stated "easy to read."

Rickford
In Suite for Ebony and Phonics by John Rickford, he informs us that Ebonics has grown as a dialect of english, not a new language on its own. The words, grammar, and sounds derive from english but are used with different tenses. Ebonics came from African Americans due to their barriers and feeling of belonging with one another. Ebonics is fromed from ebony and phonics. Ebonics is usually known to working class people who dont need or use standard english in their everyday jobs.

Troutt
In Defining Who We Are in Society by David Troutt, he explains that how we speak is our gift to discovering and learning in the world. People are judged by how they speak, giving clues of intelligence, trust, fear, heard, ignored, or accepted. Ebonics can be seen to seperate children in schools. Ebonics should give people appreciation of differences but also show a feeling of trying to belong in society.

Tannen
In Can We Talk by Deborah Tannen, she states that daughters and mothers have a special relationship that can be close and the meaningless statements can triggar megativity between one another. Having the feeling of losing your mother kills people inside but some feeling inside them thinks, thank God they are gone.